#31201 Re: Novi korona virus - velika opasnost ili ne ? POGLEDATI PRVI POST!
Posted: 29/08/2020 23:00
Masovno testiranje, traženje kontakata i izolacija funkcionišu.
Stvarno je bilo misteriozno zašto je broj novoinficiranih u Švedskoj onako naglo pao, ali evo razlozi izlaze na vidjelo. Kao što se i od početka govorilo: masovno testiranje, traženje kontakata i izolacija funkcionišu i daju rezultate. Šveđani su prilično tiho primjenili ove principe i nakon dvije sedmice od početka masovnog testiranja dolazi do dramatičnog pada novozaraženih, a usput su skontali da treba tražiti i kontakte i prilagodili su svoj pristup tome. Ovo je strategija koja funkcioniše, ne ona pusti pa šta bude. Samo što ovaj pristup nisu razglasili na sva zvona, nego pričaju bajke o nekakvom desegnutom kolektivnom imunitetu.https://www.dn.se/sthlm/kostnaden-for-s ... v-miljard/
(prevod sa reddita)
The cost of Stockholm's corona tests is already up to half a billion
More than 550,000 Stockholmers have now been tested for the coronavirus and the cost has already exceeded half a billion. Statistics show that as many as 16 percent have antibodies to the virus.
- We are in a completely different league than most cities in the world, both in number of tests and number of positives, says Claes Ruth, function manager at Karolinska University Laboratory.
A steady stream of cars rolls in towards the drive-in test station at Karolinska in Solna. Visitors with suspected covid-19 must not get out of the car. The test kit is delivered through folded boxes for self-sampling.
- We receive about a hundred patients a day, the tests for ongoing Covid-19 are about as many as in July. But the antibody tests taken at the hospital have decreased dramatically, from up to 800 a day to now a maximum of 200, says Zeynab Salad, a medical student who distributes samples.
The drive-in station in Solna is one of nine spread across the county, most of which are located at hospitals and Lidl stores.
- Not all traders want test stations, they are afraid that the infection will spread, even some municipalities have been difficult. For us, it has been important to be spread everywhere to avoid the risk of not reaching all target groups, therefore the information is available in many languages, says Claes Ruth, function manager at Karolinska University Laboratory.
The Stockholm region was out in mid-June to offer free tests to everyone and antibody tests are available in about 80 places. Most people choose to have the self-test for covid-19 (PCR test) sent home and picked up by taxi. The total cost of the samples during the first ten weeks is already just over half a billion kronor and is reimbursed by the state. A PCR test is reimburced with SEK 1,400 and an antibody test with SEK 750.
- All costs, including taxis, are covered by the standard. We do not want the sick to use public transport, therefore we send the tests home, or want you to take your own car to the drive-in stations, says Claes Ruth.
The region wants as many people as possible with cold symptoms to get tested. Today, there is only the restriction that a person may not take more than two tests during a three-week period. The region would already now want information from the government about the compensation after New Year, so you know what to rig for.
- It is extremely difficult to predict how many will want to test themselves depending on how the pandemic develops, some may need to take a test again this fall. We have an obligation to make it possible and so far we have succeeded. We have the capacity for greater demand than now, says Claes Ruth.
Since mid-June , more than 550,000 people in the Stockholm region have been tested for both antibodies and ongoing covid-19 infection according to statistics requested by DN. The results show that 16.1 percent have antibodies, which is among the highest in the world.
- Antibody levels of up to fifteen percent have been seen in New York, and in Madrid and the surrounding area, as well as in some parts of northern Italy. But in Denmark and Norway, for example, it is only a few percent, says Jan Albert, professor of microbiology and infection control at Karolinska Institutet.
However, the high proportion of positives out of just over 400,000 tested does not mean that Stockholm has achieved herd immunity.
- No, no one really knows what proportion of positive antibody tests are required to reduce the spread of infection due to immunity. First they said 60 percent, then came calculations around 43 percent. There is also great uncertainty about how T-cell immunity can affect, says Jan Albert.
How long the immunity of people with antibodies lasts is also unclear.
- It is different for different infections how strong the protection becomes and also differs from person to person. The Swedish Public Health Agency has said six months, it is reasonable to believe that it will last at least that long, but it will certainly vary, says Jan Albert.
He believes that the great value of broad antibody testing is that residents with a little more security can spend time with parents and older people and go to work if you have antibodies and that it also provides knowledge about the virus situation in the Stockholm region.
- But when it comes to preventing and breaking chains of infection, it is the PCR tests for ongoing infection that are relevant. The Stockholm region has now decided to also trace people who have tested positive for infection, which I think is good, says Jan Albert.
The statistics show that 6.6 percent of the approximately 144,000 Stockholmers who tested themselves for ongoing covid-19 infection were positive when they tested themselves. It is also high internationally. More women than men have tested themselves, especially among the elderly, despite the fact that men are harder hit by the virus. One of the reasons is believed to be that the care occupational groups that were previously prioritized are dominated by women.
The proportion of positive PCR tests has decreased in recent weeks, which is in line with the reduction in both care pressure and the number of deaths. What happens next is difficult to know.
- Even though there are several hundred thousand tests, it is not a random selection of Stockholmers, therefore it can change over time. Those who had the most suspicion of infection may have tested themselves early. Therefore, it is very difficult to draw hard conclusions from the changes, says Jan Albert.
How reliable is it that people test themselves?
- PCR tests are very sensitive and reliable when performed by quality-assured laboratories. But one of the biggest risks of not catching an infection is that you fail to take the sample and it is a greater risk if you do it yourself, says Jan Albert.
This week came the information that 1,875 tests for ongoing covid-19 in the Stockholm region showed incorrectly positive answers . But there is nothing that affects the willingness to test at the drive-in station outside Karolinska in Solna where lunch rush is taking place.
- I have full confidence in these tests. And I'm not worried about the development. The tragedy in this context is that Sweden chose its own path which now still turns out to be that we may not get a second wave as out in Europe where it has been shut down completely. It seems that we have absorbed the virus in society in some way, no matter how awful it sounds, says Johan Nyrén who is waiting his turn.
His seven-year-old daughter Ingrid came home with a sore throat and cough on the first day of school and will now be tested. She struggles hard to get the test strip all the way into the throat without nausea, in the end the parents manage to take the test under the tongue, an alternative used on children.
- We think it might be a common sore throat, but we went here for safety to test. We have had covid-19, both me and my wife, we did antibody tests in June. I had common flu symptoms, but my wife was worse. She was in hospital for a turn with breathing difficulties, but managed, says Johan Nyrén.
He leaves the sealed test tube in a bag for Zeynab Salad, which sends it to the lab for analysis within 48 hours. She has had a stressful time during the shift but enjoys her extra job.
- It feels good to work here. At first I was scared and worried about getting infected, but now I just feel that I am doing society a favor, says Zeynab Salad.
