Scientists crack Neanderthal DNA
Shows species separated from humans 370,000 years ago
Research conducted on 38,000-year-old bone fragment from Croatia
Nov. 16, 2006. 05:46 AM (Reuters)
WASHINGTON—Neanderthals are truly distant relatives of modern humans who interbred rarely, if at all, with our own immediate ancestors, say researchers who sequenced DNA from the leg bone of a Neanderthal man who died 38,000 years ago.
They estimate that modern humans and Neanderthals split from a common ancestor at least 370,000 years ago, and possibly 500,000 years ago, although the two share 99.95 per cent of their DNA.
"We see no evidence of mixing 40,000, 30,000 years ago in Europe. We don't exclude it, but see no evidence," Edward Rubin of the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute in California, who led one study, told reporters.
This conflicts with evidence from other researchers, including a team who said earlier this month that humans may have inherited a brain gene from Neanderthals.
The most recent research was reported jointly in the journals Nature and Science.
Rubin's team used one method to isolate and sequence part of the Neanderthal's DNA, while another team, led by Svante Paabo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany, used a separate method to sequence a much larger amount.
Neanderthals and modern humans both descended from homo erectus, who left Africa and spread around the world about 1.5 million years ago.
Neanderthals lived in Europe and the Middle East until about 30,000 years ago. Cro-Magnon people, the ancestors of modern humans, started a second wave of migration out of Africa about 40,000 years ago.
One huge question is how closely they interacted. Paabo's and Rubin's genetic analysis both suggest there was little sexual contact, at least according to the genes from contained in the legbone from one male found at the back of a cave in Croatia.
Both studies are based on DNA extracted from a bone fragment only a few centimetres long that lay in a Croatian cave for 38,000 years.
"It's rather small and uninteresting and was thrown into a big box of uninformative bones" at a museum in Zagreb, Croatia, Paabo said.
So it wasn't handled very much, which meant its DNA was not extensively contaminated by that of modern-day people, a major plus for the new DNA work, he said. Only about four grams or less of bone is enough for a rough draft of the Neanderthal genome, he said.
Researchers know the sample came from a male because the DNA has a Y chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes.
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Pitanja:
Da li vjerujete da su to kosti stare 38,000 godina? Po bibliji, stari smo nekih 6-7,000 godina.
Da li ce u slijedecih dekadu ili dvije biti moguce da na bazi DNA rekonstruisemo osobu kakva je izgledala?
Obzirom da se na ovim terenima guramo da smo Iliri, sa drugih planeta (piramidasi) i slicno, ko bi prihvatio da mu je predak bio neandertalac?
Neandertalac iz Hrvatske!
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digger
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mr__bosnjak
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#2
Neandertalci su bili druga vrsta ljudi ne mogu biti preci homo sapiens sapiens-ima. Bili su ja mislim nizi, manje intelekutalni ali krupniji ili nesto tako. Oni su izumrli, samo su sapiensi prezivjeli. Homo sapiens sapiens je "covjek koji zna da zna", a neandertalci su valjda bili vise slicni zivotinjama. Oni jesu ovdje zivjeli, ali su izumrli, poslije dolaze neki drugi narodi a onda konacno Iliri iz srednje Azije(kao i Grci).
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reformator
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#8
Ove godine se otvara arheološki muzej u Krapini;lijepo bi ga bilo posjetiti.
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mr__bosnjak
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#9
Muhahahahhahahahha I am alive!!!!!!!shin wrote:Ma bosnjak sto pise, meni se ucinilo da Darwin osobno posta.
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manijak1
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#11
Zatečen sam ovim saznanjem 
