Zar nema niko ko je upucen u tematiku da nam razjasni od ovih vakcina koje su na pragu da budu odobrene u koju grupu spadaju? Ja mogu reci da sam laik koji nije imao najbolja iskustva sa ovom "II generacijom".
I. Whole-Pathogen Vaccines
Traditional vaccines consist of entire pathogens that have been killed or weakened so that they cannot cause disease. Such whole-pathogen vaccines can elicit strong protective immune responses. Many of the vaccines in clinical use today fall into this category. However, not every disease-causing microbe can be effectively targeted with a whole-pathogen vaccine.
Tradicionalna, ubacuje se oslabljeni virus koji nema mogucnost reprodukovanja. Navodno u maju ove godine sedam kompanija od njih stotinjak je razvijalo ovaj tip vakcine. Problem sa ovom tradicionalnom je da proizvodnja uzima vremena tako da cisto sumnjam da ce nas ove zapasti.
II. Subunit Vaccines
Instead of the entire pathogen, subunit vaccines include only the components, or antigens, that best stimulate the immune system. Although this design can make vaccines safer and easier to produce, it often requires the incorporation of adjuvants to elicit a strong protective immune response because the antigens alone are not sufficient to induce adequate long-term immunity.
Druga generacija, ne ubrizgava se oslabljen virus vec samo antigen i najcesce treba dodatna vakcinacija koja pojacava imuni sistem (sta sa ljudima sa autoimunim bolestima?, da li utice). Na ovoj platformi su razvijene vakcine za veliki kasalj, hepatitis B, meningitis. Najveci broj vakcina za Covid, ca. 50% od ukupnog broja je razvijalo ovu vrstu vakcine.
III. Nucleic Acid Vaccines
Another investigational approach to vaccination involves introducing genetic material encoding the antigen or antigens against which an immune response is sought. The body’s own cells then use this genetic material to produce the antigens. Potential advantages of this approach include the stimulation of broad long-term immune responses, excellent vaccine stability and relative ease of large-scale vaccine manufacture. Many such vaccines are in the research pipeline, although none are currently licensed for human use.
Treca generacija koja ce biti po prvi put upotrijebljena. Pojednostavljeno ubacuje se genetski kod koji instruise nase tijelo da proizvodi antigene za taj virus. Navodno vakcina od americke kompanije Moderna uradjena na ovoj platformi, bila vijest juce da je EU potpisala ugovor s njima za 160 miliona doza.
Zna li se za Pfizer, Astra-Zeneca, J&J koje su tipe? Ne kazem da cu na tome zasnovati bilo kakvu odluku ako uopste bude mogucnosti za tako sto ali me interesuje.
https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/vaccine-types