umjesto da mudro šuti
Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
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Truba
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#51 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
ja ne znam što ovo treba radončiću
umjesto da mudro šuti
umjesto da mudro šuti
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HM 2011
- Posts: 4736
- Joined: 26/06/2011 22:58
#52 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Ko se na bilo koji način pridruži stranoj vojnoj, stranoj paravojnoj ili stranoj parapolicijskoj formaciji, obučenoj, opremljenoj ili mobiliziranoj u smislu stava (l) ovog člana, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora u trajanju od najmanje tri godine.
Hapsi sve koji imaju švicarsko i BH državljanstvo - čim stupe na tle BiH.....
Hapsi ih sve.....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_s ... ry_service
Kad zakon stupa na snagu ?
Countries with mandatory military service[edit]
See also: Conscription
Armenia[edit]
Armenia has compulsory military service for two years for males from 18 to 27 years old.
Austria[edit]
Austria has mandatory military service for all able bodied male citizens up to 35 years of age. Since 2006, the period of service has been six months. Conscientious objectors can join the civilian service (called Zivildienst) for nine months. A 12-month participation in the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service, the Austrian Social Service or the Austrian Peace Service is regarded as an equivalent to the civilian service.
Since 1 January 1998, females can join the military service voluntarily. The Austrian conscription referendum, 2013 resulted in the rejection of a proposal that would have ended conscription. Although the referendum was non-binding, both parties in government pledged to honour the results.
Belarus[edit]
Belarus has mandatory military service for all fit men from eighteen to twenty-seven years of age. Military service lasts for eighteen months for those without higher education, and for twelve months for those with higher education.
Azerbaijan[edit]
Azerbaijan has mandatory military service for all fit men, who are at least at the of 18. Military service lasts for eighteen months for those without higher education, and for twelve months for those with higher education.
Bermuda[edit]
Bermuda, although an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, still maintains conscription for its local force. Males between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two are drawn by lottery to serve in The Bermuda Regiment for a period of thirty-eight months. The commitment is only on a part-time basis, however. Anyone who objects to this has the right to have his case heard by an exemption tribunal. The rights that applied for conscientous objection during National Service in the United Kingdom apply in Bermuda. The local government, as of 2013, has committed to ending conscription, although it is likely to be phased out gradually in order to prevent the manpower of the battalion (which had already seen its numbers fall below strength, from four to three companies, as a delayed result of birth rates decreasing following the Baby boom generation) plummeting.[44] Currently, three-quarters of the strength of the Bermuda Regiment is made up of conscripts, although many soldiers, whether they initially volunteered or were conscripted, elect to re-engage annually after their initial three years and two months term of service has been completed, with some serving for decades.[45]
Brazil[edit]
Males in Brazil are required to serve 12 months of military service upon their 18th birthday. While de jure all males are required to serve, numerous exceptions mean military service is de facto limited mostly to volunteers, with an average of between 5 and 10% of those reporting for duty actually being inducted.[46] Most often, the service is performed in military bases as close as possible to the person's home. The government does not usually require those planning to attend college or holding a permanent job to serve. There are also several other exceptions, including health reasons, for which one may not have to serve. Recruits accepted at a university may also choose to train under a program similar to the American ROTC, and satisfy their military requirement this way. Direct entrance to one of the military academies will also substitute for this requirement.
Myanmar (Burma)[edit]
The Burmese junta requires able-bodied persons aged 18 and over to register with local authorities.[47] In 2011, civil servants, students, those serving prison terms, and those caring for an elderly parent were excluded from the draft, but they could be later called to serve. Totally exempt are members of religious orders, disabled persons, and married or divorced women with children. Those who fail to report for military service could be imprisoned for three years, and face fines. Those who deliberately inflict injury upon themselves to avoid conscription could be imprisoned for up to five years, as well as fined.
But the conscription has never been activated under the military junta which ruled the country from 1988-2010. Myanmar's constitution states that male citizens over 18 could be called to serve in military, but it has not been activated either. As of 2013, Myanmar citizens are not required to serve in military.[citation needed]
Cyprus[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Cyprus
Cyprus has compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot men between the ages of eighteen and fifty. Additionally, from 2008 onwards, all men belonging to the religious groups of Armenians, Latins and Maronites, also serve their military service. Military service lasts for twenty-four months. After that, ex-soldiers are considered reservists and participate in military exercises for a few days every year. Conscientious objectors can either do thirty-three months’ unarmed service in the army or thirty-eight months’ community work.[48]
Denmark[edit]
As described in the Constitution of Denmark,[49] § 81, Denmark has mandatory service for all able men. Normal service is four months, and is normally served by men in the age of eighteen to twenty-seven. Some special services will take longer. Danish men will typically receive a letter around the time of their 18th birthday, asking when their current education (if any) ends, and some time later, depending on when, they will receive a notice on when to attend to the draft office to be tested physically and psychologically. However, some may be deemed unfit for service and not be required to show up.
Even if a person is deemed fit, or partially fit for service, he may avoid having to serve if he draws a high enough number randomly. Persons who are deemed partly fit for service will however be placed lower than those who are deemed fit for service, and therefore have a very low chance of being drafted. Men deemed fit can be called upon for service until their 50th birthday in case of national crisis, regardless of whether normal conscription has been served. This right is very rarely exercised by Danish authorities.
Conscientious objectors can choose to instead serve six months in a non-military position, for example in Beredskabsstyrelsen (dealing with non-military disasters like fires, flood, pollution, etc.) or foreign aid work in a third world country.[50]
Egypt[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Egypt
Egypt has a mandatory military service program for males between the ages of eighteen and thirty. Conscription is regularly postponed for students until the end of their studies, as long as they apply before they turn twenty-eight years of age. By the age of thirty, a male is considered unfit to join the army and pays a fine. Males with no brothers, or those supporting parents are exempted from the service. Former President Sadat added that any Egyptian who has dual nationality is exempted from military service and this is still in effect. Males serve for a period ranging from fourteen months to thirty-six months, depending on their education; high school drop-outs serve for thirty-six months. College graduates serve for lesser periods of time, depending on their education; college graduates with special skills are still conscripted yet at a different rank and at a different pay scale with the option of remaining with the service as a career. Some Egyptians evade conscription and travel overseas until they reach the age of thirty, at which point they are tried, pay a $580 fine (as of 2004), and are dishonorably discharged. Such an offense, legally considered an offense of "bad moral character", prevents the "unpatriotic" citizen from ever holding public office.
Finland[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Finland
Finland has mandatory military service for men of a minimum duration of six months (180 days); depending on the assigned position: those trained as officers or NCOs serve for twelve months (362 days), specialist troops serve for nine (270 days) or twelve months, while rank and file serve for the minimum period. Unarmed service is also possible, and lasts nine months (270 days). The call-ups issued by the Finnish Military to enter into service begins when a male citizen turns the age of 18 and those up to the age of 30 who have not reported to earlier call-ups,[51] when it becomes either mandatory, or the conscript is exempted.[52]
Since 1995, women have been able to volunteer for military service. During the first 45 days, women have an option to quit at will.[53] Having served for 45 days, they fall under the same obligation to serve as men except for medical reasons. A pregnancy during service would interrupt the service but not automatically cause a medical discharge.
Belonging in a sexual minority does not result in an exemption.[54] Transsexuals usually get their service postponed until they have undergone sex reassignment surgery.
Non-military service of twelve months is available for men whose conscience prevents them from serving in the military. Men who refuse to serve at all are sent to prison for six months or half the time of their remaining non-military service at the time of refusal. In theory, male citizens from the demilitarized Åland region are to serve in customs offices or lighthouses, but since this service has not been arranged, they are always exempted in practice. Jehovah's Witnesses' service is deferred for three years, if they present a written testimony, not older than two months, from the congregation of their status as baptized and active members of the congregation. Jehovah's Witnesses will be exempted from peace time duty at the beginning of the age 29. Military service has been mandatory for men throughout the history of independent Finland since 1917. Soldiers and civilian servicemen receive a daily allowance of €4.70 (days 1 – 180), €8 (days 181 – 270), or €11.20 (onward from day 271).[52]
Approximately 20% are trained as NCOs (corporals, sergeants), and 10% are trained as officers-in-reserve (second lieutenant). In wartime, it is expected that the officers-in-reserve fulfill most platoon leader and company commander positions. At the beginning of the service, all men go through same basic training of eight weeks. After this eight-week period it is decided who will be trained as NCOs or officers.
Having completed the initial part of the service as a conscript, the soldier is placed in the reserve. Reservists may be called for mandatory refresher exercises. Rank and file serve a maximum of 40 days, specialists 75 days and officers and NCOs 100 days. Per refresher course day, the reservists receive a taxable salary of about fifty euro. The salary depends slightly on the military rank: officers receive €56, NCOs €53 and rank-and file €51 per day. The service is mandatory; it is not possible to refuse an order to attend the refresher exercise, only postpone. As of 2011, though, the option to opt for non-military service has been made available as the Finnish Defence Forces has made ongoing budget cuts, reflected in the number of reservist exercises annually.
There are no general exemptions for the conscription. The law requires employers, landlords etc. to continue any pre-existing contracts after the service. For medical reasons, exemption or postponing can be given only by a military doctor. If the disability is expected to be cured, there is no exemption, and the service is postponed. The basic doctrine is that the great majority of each age cohort serve, and the size of the active army can be adjusted by changing the maximum age of reservists to be called up, instead of using selective service.
The option to military service is civilian service (available to females after completing 45 days of military service), where an individual subject to conscript finds a job at some public institution, where they serve for 12 months, the same as the longest rank-and-file service (drivers). Before 2008, the law required 13 months, which was criticized for being punitive internationally by the Human Rights Committee of the United Nations, The European Committee of Social Rights, The Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe and Amnesty International.[55]
The national security policy of Finland is based on a credible independent defence of all Finnish territory. The maximum number of military personnel abroad is limited to 2,000 (out of the 900,000 available reserve). Contributions to the UN troops comprise only professional soldiers and trained, paid reservists who have specifically applied to such operations. Therefore, no "expeditionary wars" argument can be made against conscription.
Draft dodging is nearly non-existent, as failure to show up to conscription immediately leads to an arrest warrant and is prosecuted as absence without leave, or desertion after five days of absence. Proof of military or civil service is generally required to obtain a 5-year passport (some exceptions can apply). Without proof, the passport is valid, at the longest, until the applicant's 28th birthday.[56]
Political opposition to conscription is rather marginalized and heavily associated with communist or anarchist groups. Particularly, the "Defenders of Peace" (Rauhanpuolustajat), who opposed military readiness, were supported by the Soviets during the Cold War era. Therefore, opposition to conscription is still heavily associated with anti-patriotism and communism.
Military rank, either as NCO or reserve officer, is highly valued as a merit in Finland by employers when recruiting a male employee. A great majority of Finnish males who hold a managerial position in Finland have either NCO or officer rank in reserves.
Greece[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Greece
As of 2009, Greece (Hellenic Republic) has mandatory military service of nine months for men in the Army and 12 months for the Navy and Air Force. Some are entitled to reduced service due to serious family reasons (single parent families, parent serving in the army etc.). Although Greece is developing a professional army system, it continues to enforce the 9-month mandatory military service despite earlier promises that the draft would be reduced to six months. Women are accepted into the Greek army as salaried professionals, but they are not obliged to join as men are. Conscript soldiers receive full health insurance and a nominal salary of €9 per month for privates and €12 for the rank of draft corporal and draft sergeant. There is the option of serving as a Second Lieutenant. In that case the received salary is €719 after basic training is over, but the duration of service is also increased. The minimum wage for an unskilled worker stands at around €650 per month in Greece, while professional soldiers are paid upwards of €800. This results in reservist corporals and sergeants receiving a wage that is 1/70th that of a professional soldier, whom they outrank. The symbolic conscript "wages" are not sufficient to sustain a draftee serving his tour away from his place of residence and most draftees depend on their parents to support them financially while they are on their tour.
Conscientious objection to military service (Greece)[edit]
The length of alternative civilian service for conscientious objectors to military service is 15 months.[dubious – discuss] Amnesty International was also concerned that the determination of conscientious objector status fell under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense, which breaches international standards that stipulate that the entire institution of alternative service should have a civilian character.
Iran[edit]
Iran has a mandatory military service for men which starts at the age of 18. Duration of military service is dependent on some conditions and circumstances. There is a 20-month military service for general, 24 months for destitute areas and 22 months for boundary areas; there is two months for military education. There are exceptions for those who cannot serve because of physical or mental health problems or disabilities. Students are exempt as long as they are attending school. The higher the education of a man, the higher his rank will be in the military service. Since 2008 and the commence of Iran's national elites organization activity (Bonyade Mellie Nokhbegan[57]), students who are accepted as members of this organization (because of their special achievements, e.g., national and international olympiad medals and winners of invention competitions) can have a "scientific research" substitution instead of mandatory military service, and the research grant is given to these members from military universities, otherwise, formally these members are regarded as "soldiers" who are spending the mandatory military service program, and in any publication related to that research, their citations have to be that of the military university giving the research grant.
Exemptions from the Iranian military service, but also military duty in case of war include:
Sole Children; Men who do not have brothers or sisters under the ideology that their mother and/or father need the assistance of their only son.
Sole Son; Men who are the only male in their family and his father is over 64 years old.
Men who are the sole carers of a disabled or mentally problematic parent, sibling, or 2nd line family members.
Doctors, firefighters and other emergency workers who their uptake for military duty or service jeopardizes local health and emergency services.
Workers of vital government institutions that assist or indirectly serve the military (exempt at time of war).
Workers of businesses that serve the military, e.g. military equipment factories (exempt at time of war).
Prisoners may be excused of their sentence to serve in the military at a time of war or to complete military service in exchange for a reduced sentence dependent on the nature of the crime committed.[58]
Men reaching 19 years old who are not granted exemption from the military service are not able to apply for a driving license, passport, or leave the country without special permission.
Israel[edit]
Israel draft both men and women. All Israeli citizens are conscripted at age 18, with the following exceptions:
Haredim are eligible for a deferral during their religious studies, which essentially becomes an exemption.
Israeli Arabs are exempt from conscription, although they may volunteer. The men of other non-Jewish communities in Israel, notably the Druze and Circassians, are conscripted; women are not though may volunteer.
Women are not inducted if they are married or pregnant.
Candidates who do not qualify on grounds of mental or physical health.
Typically, men are required to serve for 3 years and women for 2 years.[5] Officers and other soldiers in certain voluntary units such as Nahal and Hesder are required to sign on for additional service. Those studying in a "Mechina" (pre-induction preparatory course) defer service until the conclusion of the program, typically one academic year. An additional program (called "Atuda'i") for qualified applicants allows post-secondary academic studies prior to induction. See also: Israel Defense Forces.
There is a very limited amount of conscientious objection to conscription into the IDF. More common is refusal by reserve soldiers to serve in the West Bank and Gaza. Some of these conscientious objectors may be assigned to serve elsewhere, or are sentenced to brief prison terms lasting a few months to a year and may subsequently receive dishonourable discharges. See also: Refusal to serve in the Israeli military.
After a year their period of regular army service, men are liable for up to 30 days (much less on average) per year of reserve duty ("miluim") until they are in their early forties. Women in certain positions of responsibility are liable for reserve duty to a limited extent, until they are twenty-four years old, married, or pregnant. Women can also choose to do 2-3 years of service and volunteer work instead of being soldiers.
North Korea[edit]
North Korea in 1993 had a mandatory military service, for all men, of 120 months as normal troops and 156 months as special forces.
South Korea[edit]
Main article: Conscription in South Korea
South Korea has mandatory military service of 21 (army), 23 (navy), 24 (air force and civil service), 30, 34, and 36 (special civil service) months. There are no alternatives for conscientious objectors[59] except imprisonment. In general, with very few exceptions, most South Korean males serve in the military. The duration of service varies from branch to branch of the military.
Exemptions are granted to Korean male citizens with physical disabilities or whose mental status is unstable or questionable. When a Korean man becomes of legal age, he is required to take a physical check-up to determine whether he is suitable for military service. Every male is labeled into one of four different grades. Grades 1-3: normal. Grade 4: special service; which is given to individuals that fulfill their military duties as a civil worker amongst civilians. Grade 5: civil defense in peace. Grade 6: exemption from military service in both situation. Grade 7: re-check-up within two years.
There are some controversies portrayed in Korean media concerning special treatment given to celebrities. Some celebrities are given exemptions to their mandatory military service, even though they clearly have no physical disabilities. The government has begun implementing tougher sanctions to those who attempt to avoid their military duty. It is considered shameful, undutiful, and treasonous for a man to take measures to avoid his military service when he is healthy and capable of fulfilling his 21-month requirement.[citation needed] In 2002 Yoo Seung Jun, a Korean pop singer, became a naturalized American citizen to avoid his military duty in Korea. For this reason, Korea has banned Yoo from the country and actually deported him.[60][61] Another recent example is MC Mong, a popular singer/rapper accused of avoiding his military service by having his molar teeth removed. On 11 April 2011, MC Mong was sentenced to a suspended jail term of 6 months, probation for one year, and 120 hours of community service.[62]
Compensation[edit]
The following data is from 'Regulation on Public Servant Compensation', implemented on 6 January 2012.[63] Exchange rate as of 8 June 2012 (₩1173.84 to $1.00)
이등병 (Private) 일등병 (Private first class) 상등병 (Corporal) 병장 (Sergeant)
₩81,500
$69.43 (approximate)
per month ₩88,200
$75.14 (approximate)
per month ₩97,500
$83.07 (approximate)
per month ₩108,000
$92.01 (approximate)
per month
Mexico[edit]
As of 2011, all males reaching eighteen years of age must register for military service (Servicio Militar Nacional, or SMN) for one year, though selection is made by a lottery system using the following color scheme: whoever draws a black ball must serve as a "disponibility reservist", that is, he must not follow any activities whatsoever and get his discharge card at the end of the year. The ones who get a white ball serve Saturdays in a Batallón del Servicio Militar Nacional (National Military Service Battalion) composed entirely of one-year SMN conscripts. Those with a community service interest may participate in Literacy Campaigns as teachers or as physical education instructors. Military service is also (voluntarily) open to women. In certain cities, such as Mexico City and Veracruz, there is a third option: a red ball (Mexico City) and a Blue ball (Veracruz), which entails serving a full year as a recruit in a Paratrooper Battalion in the case of Mexico City residents, or an Infantería de Marina unit (Navy Marines) in Veracruz. In other cities which have a Navy HQ (such as Ciudad Madero), it is the Navy which takes charge of the conscripts, instead of the Army.
Draft dodging was an uncommon occurrence in Mexico until 2002, since a "liberated" military ID card was needed for a Mexican male to obtain a passport, but since this requirement was dropped, absenteeism from military service has become much more common.
Norway[edit]
Norway has mandatory military service of nineteen months for men between the ages of 18.5 (17 with parental consent) and 44 (55 in case of war). Beginning in 2006, the armed forces will also invite females to take a pre-service medical examination, but they will not be drafted unless they sign a declaration of willingness. The klix draft time is six months for the home guard, and twelve months for the regular army, air force and navy.
The remaining months are supposed to be served in annual exercises, but very few conscripts do this because of lack of funding for the Norwegian armed forces. As a result of this decreased funding and greater reliance on high technology, the armed forces are aiming towards drafting only 10,000 conscripts a year. As of 2011, an average of 27% of young men actually complete military service each year.[64] The remainder, for the most part, either are formally dismissed after medical tests or obtain deferral from the service because of studies or stays abroad.
Some, such as those who choose vocational course paths during high school (for example, carpenters and electricians) opt to complete their required apprenticeships within the military. While some Norwegians consider it unfair that they have to complete the compulsory military duty when so many others are dismissed, others see it as a privilege and there is normally high competition to be allowed to join some branches of the service.[citation needed]
The Norwegian armed forces will normally not draft a person who has reached the age of 28. In Norway, certain voluntary specialist training programs and courses entail extended conscription of one to eight years. Pacifists can apply for non-military service, which lasts 12 months.
Russia[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Russia
The conscription system was introduced into Imperial Russia by Dmitry Milyutin on 1 January 1874. As of 2008, the Russian Federation has a mandatory 12 months draft. Some examples of how people avoid being drafted are:
Studying in a university or similar place. All full-time students are free from conscription, but they can be drafted after they graduate (or if they drop out). Graduated students serve one year as privates, but if they have a military education, they have the option to serve two years as officers. Persons who continue full-time postgraduate education, or have an academic degree (Candidate of Science, PhD, Doctor of Science) are not drafted.
Getting a medical certificate that shows that a person is unfit for service.
Having more than two children.
In Russia, all males are liable for one year of compulsory military service up to the age of 27. In 2006, the Russian government and State Duma gradually reduced the term of service to 18 months from 24 for those who will be conscripted in 2007 and to 12 months from 2008 and dropped some legal excuses for non-conscription from the law (such as non-conscription of rural doctors and teachers, of men who have a child younger than 3 years, etc.) from 1 January 2008. Also full-time students graduated from civil university with military education will be free from conscription from 1 January 2008.
As a result of draft evasion, Russian generals have repeatedly complained that the bulk of the army is made up of drug addicts, imbeciles, and ex-convicts, which in turn has led to an overall decline of the morale and function of the Russian armed services. Conscripts often face brutal hazing, bullying, and being forced into male prostitution upon their entrance into the military, known as dedovshchina, some dying as a result. Much of the hazing has begun to stop after major reforms in late 2009-2010. Declining birthrates since the fall of the Soviet Union have also led to concerns over the country's ability to meet manpower quotas.
According to the Russian federal law, the Armed Forces, the MVD Internal Troops, the Federal Protective Service (FSO), the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), Federal Drug Control Service (FSKN) and civil defence of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) are considered as military service.
See also
Conscription through detention in Russia's armed forces
Only eleven percent of Russian men enter mandatory military service.
Singapore[edit]
Main article: National Service in Singapore
In Singapore, the NS (Amendment) Act was passed on 14 March 1967, under which all able-bodied male citizens of 18 – 21 years of age were required to serve 24 months of compulsory national service in the Singapore Armed Forces, the Singapore Police Force, or the Singapore Civil Defence Force. Upon completion of full-time NS, they undergo reservist training cycles of up to forty days to a year for the next ten years.
The majority of conscripts serve in the Singapore Armed Forces due to its larger manpower requirements. Almost all conscripts undergo basic military training before being deployed to the various services, the police, or Civil Defence; conscripts do not have the opportunity to choose their assignment. Conscripts, known as National Servicemen, hold leadership positions as Specialists or commissioned officers.
Singapore used to have one of the longest mandatory military service periods for males, at thirty months prior to 2005.
Switzerland[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Switzerland
Military service for Swiss men is obligatory according to the Federal Constitution, and includes 18 or 21 weeks of basic training (depending on troop category) as well as annual 3-week-refresher courses until a number of service days which increases with rank (260 days for privates) is reached. (It is also possible to serve the whole requirement at one piece, meaning no refresher courses are required.) Service for women is voluntary, but identical in all respects. Conscientious objectors can choose 390 days of community service instead of military service. Medical deferments and dismissals from basic training (often on somewhat dubious grounds) have increased significantly in the last years. Therefore, only about 55% to 60% of Swiss men actually complete basic training.
Taiwan (ROC)[edit]
Main article: Conscription in the Republic of China
The Republic of China has had mandatory military service for all males since 1949. Females from the outlying islands of Fuchien were also required to serve in a civil defense role, although this requirement has been dropped since the lifting of martial law. In October 1999, the mandatory service was shortened from twenty-four months to twenty-two months; from January 2004 it was shortened further to eighteen months, and from 1 January 2006 the duration has decreased to sixteen months. The ROC Defense Ministry had announced that should voluntary enlistment reach sufficient numbers, the compulsory service period for draftees will be shortened to fourteen months in 2007, and further to twelve months in 2009.[65][66]
ROC nationals with Overseas Chinese status are exempt from service. Draftees may also request alternative service, usually in community service areas, although the required service period would be longer than military service. Qualified draftees with graduate degrees in the sciences or engineering who pass officer candidate exams may also apply to fulfil their obligations in a national defense service option which involves three months of military training, followed by an officer commission in the reserves and four years working in technical jobs in the defense industry or government research institutions.
The Ministry of Interior is responsible for administering the National Conscription Agency.[67]
On 1 August 2008, the Defence Minister announced that from 2014 on, Taiwan would have a purely volunteer professional force. However, males who opt not to volunteer will be subjected to three to four-month military training. Those who do not have a tertiary education will have a three-month training when reaching military age, whereas those who are receiving tertiary education will have to complete the training in summer vacations.[68]
Should this policy remain unchanged, although Taiwan will have a purely volunteer professional force, every male will still be conscripted to receive a three- to four-month military training. Thus, after 2014, compulsory military service will still remain in practice in Taiwan.
Thailand[edit]
Thailand has a mandatory military service which applies to all male citizens who have turned 21 years old. Some volunteer to serve in their country’s armed forces and some are subjected to a random draft lottery for a Red or Black card. When not enough men have volunteered to fill the amphoe’s quota, the draft lottery will decide the fate of the remaining male citizens. A black ticket means you do not have to serve in the military and you can continue on with your life and your career. A red ticket means you belong to the Thai government for the next two years.
The only way to avoid Thailand's 2 years mandatory military recruitment is to graduate a Three Years: Military Service Students Program. Students must be between the ages of 18 and 22 and they have to attend this course once per week. Have a grade point average of 2.50 or above, be physically fit, and pass a series of fitness tests will allow them to be accepted into the reserves.
However, there are some privileges when you're volunteered. First, you can choose one of three forces to join (Royal Thai Army, Royal Thai Navy and Royal Thai Air Force) according to the military quota in your area. Second, if you graduated from high school. Your military service duration will be reduced by half (1 year). Plus, if you graduated from university (bachelor's degree or higher). The duration will be reduced to 1/4 (6 months). Note : you must graduated before the draft date.
Turkey[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Turkey
In Turkey, compulsory military service applies to all male citizens from twenty to forty-one years of age (with some exceptions). Those who are engaged in higher education or vocational training programs prior to their military drafting are allowed to delay service until they have completed the programs, or reach a certain age, depending on the program (e.g. 29 years of age for undergraduate degrees). The duration of the basic military service varies. As of July 2003, the reduced durations are as follows: fifteen months for privates (previously eighteen months), twelve months for reserve officers (previously sixteen months) and six months for short-term privates, which denotes those who have earned a university degree and have not been enlisted as reserve officers (previously eight months).
Turkish citizens who have lived or worked abroad for at least three years can be exempt from military service in exchange for a certain fee in foreign currencies. Also, when the General Staff assesses that the military reserve exceeds the required amount, paid military service of one-month's basic training is established by law as a stopgap measure, but has only been practiced in reality once so far, and only applied to men of a certain age (born in or prior to 1973). This was done in order to generate funds to recover from the aftermath of the 1999 İzmit earthquake, which took place in the highly industrialized Marmara region of the country, and had a considerable negative impact on the Turkish economy due to the severe damage it caused to a significant number of residential and industrial structures.
Although women in principle are not obliged to serve in the military, they are allowed to become military officers.
Conscientious objection of military service is illegal in Turkey and punishable with imprisonment by law. Many conscientious objectors flee abroad mainly to neighbouring countries or the European Union (as asylum seekers or guest workers).
Ukraine[edit]
The options are either reserve officer training for two years (offered in universities as a part of a program which means not having to join the army), or one year regular service. In Ukraine, a person could not be conscripted after he turned twenty-five. The Ukrainian army had similar problems with dedovshchina as the Russian army did until very recently, but in Ukraine the problem is getting less severe compared to Russia, due to cuts in the conscript terms (from 24 months to 18 months in the early 2000s and then to 12 months in 2004) and cuts in total conscription numbers (due to the switching of the army into a full-time professional army) since the last conscripts are being drafted at the end of 2013.[69]
Hapsi sve koji imaju švicarsko i BH državljanstvo - čim stupe na tle BiH.....
Hapsi ih sve.....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_s ... ry_service
Kad zakon stupa na snagu ?
Countries with mandatory military service[edit]
See also: Conscription
Armenia[edit]
Armenia has compulsory military service for two years for males from 18 to 27 years old.
Austria[edit]
Austria has mandatory military service for all able bodied male citizens up to 35 years of age. Since 2006, the period of service has been six months. Conscientious objectors can join the civilian service (called Zivildienst) for nine months. A 12-month participation in the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service, the Austrian Social Service or the Austrian Peace Service is regarded as an equivalent to the civilian service.
Since 1 January 1998, females can join the military service voluntarily. The Austrian conscription referendum, 2013 resulted in the rejection of a proposal that would have ended conscription. Although the referendum was non-binding, both parties in government pledged to honour the results.
Belarus[edit]
Belarus has mandatory military service for all fit men from eighteen to twenty-seven years of age. Military service lasts for eighteen months for those without higher education, and for twelve months for those with higher education.
Azerbaijan[edit]
Azerbaijan has mandatory military service for all fit men, who are at least at the of 18. Military service lasts for eighteen months for those without higher education, and for twelve months for those with higher education.
Bermuda[edit]
Bermuda, although an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, still maintains conscription for its local force. Males between the ages of eighteen and thirty-two are drawn by lottery to serve in The Bermuda Regiment for a period of thirty-eight months. The commitment is only on a part-time basis, however. Anyone who objects to this has the right to have his case heard by an exemption tribunal. The rights that applied for conscientous objection during National Service in the United Kingdom apply in Bermuda. The local government, as of 2013, has committed to ending conscription, although it is likely to be phased out gradually in order to prevent the manpower of the battalion (which had already seen its numbers fall below strength, from four to three companies, as a delayed result of birth rates decreasing following the Baby boom generation) plummeting.[44] Currently, three-quarters of the strength of the Bermuda Regiment is made up of conscripts, although many soldiers, whether they initially volunteered or were conscripted, elect to re-engage annually after their initial three years and two months term of service has been completed, with some serving for decades.[45]
Brazil[edit]
Males in Brazil are required to serve 12 months of military service upon their 18th birthday. While de jure all males are required to serve, numerous exceptions mean military service is de facto limited mostly to volunteers, with an average of between 5 and 10% of those reporting for duty actually being inducted.[46] Most often, the service is performed in military bases as close as possible to the person's home. The government does not usually require those planning to attend college or holding a permanent job to serve. There are also several other exceptions, including health reasons, for which one may not have to serve. Recruits accepted at a university may also choose to train under a program similar to the American ROTC, and satisfy their military requirement this way. Direct entrance to one of the military academies will also substitute for this requirement.
Myanmar (Burma)[edit]
The Burmese junta requires able-bodied persons aged 18 and over to register with local authorities.[47] In 2011, civil servants, students, those serving prison terms, and those caring for an elderly parent were excluded from the draft, but they could be later called to serve. Totally exempt are members of religious orders, disabled persons, and married or divorced women with children. Those who fail to report for military service could be imprisoned for three years, and face fines. Those who deliberately inflict injury upon themselves to avoid conscription could be imprisoned for up to five years, as well as fined.
But the conscription has never been activated under the military junta which ruled the country from 1988-2010. Myanmar's constitution states that male citizens over 18 could be called to serve in military, but it has not been activated either. As of 2013, Myanmar citizens are not required to serve in military.[citation needed]
Cyprus[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Cyprus
Cyprus has compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot men between the ages of eighteen and fifty. Additionally, from 2008 onwards, all men belonging to the religious groups of Armenians, Latins and Maronites, also serve their military service. Military service lasts for twenty-four months. After that, ex-soldiers are considered reservists and participate in military exercises for a few days every year. Conscientious objectors can either do thirty-three months’ unarmed service in the army or thirty-eight months’ community work.[48]
Denmark[edit]
As described in the Constitution of Denmark,[49] § 81, Denmark has mandatory service for all able men. Normal service is four months, and is normally served by men in the age of eighteen to twenty-seven. Some special services will take longer. Danish men will typically receive a letter around the time of their 18th birthday, asking when their current education (if any) ends, and some time later, depending on when, they will receive a notice on when to attend to the draft office to be tested physically and psychologically. However, some may be deemed unfit for service and not be required to show up.
Even if a person is deemed fit, or partially fit for service, he may avoid having to serve if he draws a high enough number randomly. Persons who are deemed partly fit for service will however be placed lower than those who are deemed fit for service, and therefore have a very low chance of being drafted. Men deemed fit can be called upon for service until their 50th birthday in case of national crisis, regardless of whether normal conscription has been served. This right is very rarely exercised by Danish authorities.
Conscientious objectors can choose to instead serve six months in a non-military position, for example in Beredskabsstyrelsen (dealing with non-military disasters like fires, flood, pollution, etc.) or foreign aid work in a third world country.[50]
Egypt[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Egypt
Egypt has a mandatory military service program for males between the ages of eighteen and thirty. Conscription is regularly postponed for students until the end of their studies, as long as they apply before they turn twenty-eight years of age. By the age of thirty, a male is considered unfit to join the army and pays a fine. Males with no brothers, or those supporting parents are exempted from the service. Former President Sadat added that any Egyptian who has dual nationality is exempted from military service and this is still in effect. Males serve for a period ranging from fourteen months to thirty-six months, depending on their education; high school drop-outs serve for thirty-six months. College graduates serve for lesser periods of time, depending on their education; college graduates with special skills are still conscripted yet at a different rank and at a different pay scale with the option of remaining with the service as a career. Some Egyptians evade conscription and travel overseas until they reach the age of thirty, at which point they are tried, pay a $580 fine (as of 2004), and are dishonorably discharged. Such an offense, legally considered an offense of "bad moral character", prevents the "unpatriotic" citizen from ever holding public office.
Finland[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Finland
Finland has mandatory military service for men of a minimum duration of six months (180 days); depending on the assigned position: those trained as officers or NCOs serve for twelve months (362 days), specialist troops serve for nine (270 days) or twelve months, while rank and file serve for the minimum period. Unarmed service is also possible, and lasts nine months (270 days). The call-ups issued by the Finnish Military to enter into service begins when a male citizen turns the age of 18 and those up to the age of 30 who have not reported to earlier call-ups,[51] when it becomes either mandatory, or the conscript is exempted.[52]
Since 1995, women have been able to volunteer for military service. During the first 45 days, women have an option to quit at will.[53] Having served for 45 days, they fall under the same obligation to serve as men except for medical reasons. A pregnancy during service would interrupt the service but not automatically cause a medical discharge.
Belonging in a sexual minority does not result in an exemption.[54] Transsexuals usually get their service postponed until they have undergone sex reassignment surgery.
Non-military service of twelve months is available for men whose conscience prevents them from serving in the military. Men who refuse to serve at all are sent to prison for six months or half the time of their remaining non-military service at the time of refusal. In theory, male citizens from the demilitarized Åland region are to serve in customs offices or lighthouses, but since this service has not been arranged, they are always exempted in practice. Jehovah's Witnesses' service is deferred for three years, if they present a written testimony, not older than two months, from the congregation of their status as baptized and active members of the congregation. Jehovah's Witnesses will be exempted from peace time duty at the beginning of the age 29. Military service has been mandatory for men throughout the history of independent Finland since 1917. Soldiers and civilian servicemen receive a daily allowance of €4.70 (days 1 – 180), €8 (days 181 – 270), or €11.20 (onward from day 271).[52]
Approximately 20% are trained as NCOs (corporals, sergeants), and 10% are trained as officers-in-reserve (second lieutenant). In wartime, it is expected that the officers-in-reserve fulfill most platoon leader and company commander positions. At the beginning of the service, all men go through same basic training of eight weeks. After this eight-week period it is decided who will be trained as NCOs or officers.
Having completed the initial part of the service as a conscript, the soldier is placed in the reserve. Reservists may be called for mandatory refresher exercises. Rank and file serve a maximum of 40 days, specialists 75 days and officers and NCOs 100 days. Per refresher course day, the reservists receive a taxable salary of about fifty euro. The salary depends slightly on the military rank: officers receive €56, NCOs €53 and rank-and file €51 per day. The service is mandatory; it is not possible to refuse an order to attend the refresher exercise, only postpone. As of 2011, though, the option to opt for non-military service has been made available as the Finnish Defence Forces has made ongoing budget cuts, reflected in the number of reservist exercises annually.
There are no general exemptions for the conscription. The law requires employers, landlords etc. to continue any pre-existing contracts after the service. For medical reasons, exemption or postponing can be given only by a military doctor. If the disability is expected to be cured, there is no exemption, and the service is postponed. The basic doctrine is that the great majority of each age cohort serve, and the size of the active army can be adjusted by changing the maximum age of reservists to be called up, instead of using selective service.
The option to military service is civilian service (available to females after completing 45 days of military service), where an individual subject to conscript finds a job at some public institution, where they serve for 12 months, the same as the longest rank-and-file service (drivers). Before 2008, the law required 13 months, which was criticized for being punitive internationally by the Human Rights Committee of the United Nations, The European Committee of Social Rights, The Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe and Amnesty International.[55]
The national security policy of Finland is based on a credible independent defence of all Finnish territory. The maximum number of military personnel abroad is limited to 2,000 (out of the 900,000 available reserve). Contributions to the UN troops comprise only professional soldiers and trained, paid reservists who have specifically applied to such operations. Therefore, no "expeditionary wars" argument can be made against conscription.
Draft dodging is nearly non-existent, as failure to show up to conscription immediately leads to an arrest warrant and is prosecuted as absence without leave, or desertion after five days of absence. Proof of military or civil service is generally required to obtain a 5-year passport (some exceptions can apply). Without proof, the passport is valid, at the longest, until the applicant's 28th birthday.[56]
Political opposition to conscription is rather marginalized and heavily associated with communist or anarchist groups. Particularly, the "Defenders of Peace" (Rauhanpuolustajat), who opposed military readiness, were supported by the Soviets during the Cold War era. Therefore, opposition to conscription is still heavily associated with anti-patriotism and communism.
Military rank, either as NCO or reserve officer, is highly valued as a merit in Finland by employers when recruiting a male employee. A great majority of Finnish males who hold a managerial position in Finland have either NCO or officer rank in reserves.
Greece[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Greece
As of 2009, Greece (Hellenic Republic) has mandatory military service of nine months for men in the Army and 12 months for the Navy and Air Force. Some are entitled to reduced service due to serious family reasons (single parent families, parent serving in the army etc.). Although Greece is developing a professional army system, it continues to enforce the 9-month mandatory military service despite earlier promises that the draft would be reduced to six months. Women are accepted into the Greek army as salaried professionals, but they are not obliged to join as men are. Conscript soldiers receive full health insurance and a nominal salary of €9 per month for privates and €12 for the rank of draft corporal and draft sergeant. There is the option of serving as a Second Lieutenant. In that case the received salary is €719 after basic training is over, but the duration of service is also increased. The minimum wage for an unskilled worker stands at around €650 per month in Greece, while professional soldiers are paid upwards of €800. This results in reservist corporals and sergeants receiving a wage that is 1/70th that of a professional soldier, whom they outrank. The symbolic conscript "wages" are not sufficient to sustain a draftee serving his tour away from his place of residence and most draftees depend on their parents to support them financially while they are on their tour.
Conscientious objection to military service (Greece)[edit]
The length of alternative civilian service for conscientious objectors to military service is 15 months.[dubious – discuss] Amnesty International was also concerned that the determination of conscientious objector status fell under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense, which breaches international standards that stipulate that the entire institution of alternative service should have a civilian character.
Iran[edit]
Iran has a mandatory military service for men which starts at the age of 18. Duration of military service is dependent on some conditions and circumstances. There is a 20-month military service for general, 24 months for destitute areas and 22 months for boundary areas; there is two months for military education. There are exceptions for those who cannot serve because of physical or mental health problems or disabilities. Students are exempt as long as they are attending school. The higher the education of a man, the higher his rank will be in the military service. Since 2008 and the commence of Iran's national elites organization activity (Bonyade Mellie Nokhbegan[57]), students who are accepted as members of this organization (because of their special achievements, e.g., national and international olympiad medals and winners of invention competitions) can have a "scientific research" substitution instead of mandatory military service, and the research grant is given to these members from military universities, otherwise, formally these members are regarded as "soldiers" who are spending the mandatory military service program, and in any publication related to that research, their citations have to be that of the military university giving the research grant.
Exemptions from the Iranian military service, but also military duty in case of war include:
Sole Children; Men who do not have brothers or sisters under the ideology that their mother and/or father need the assistance of their only son.
Sole Son; Men who are the only male in their family and his father is over 64 years old.
Men who are the sole carers of a disabled or mentally problematic parent, sibling, or 2nd line family members.
Doctors, firefighters and other emergency workers who their uptake for military duty or service jeopardizes local health and emergency services.
Workers of vital government institutions that assist or indirectly serve the military (exempt at time of war).
Workers of businesses that serve the military, e.g. military equipment factories (exempt at time of war).
Prisoners may be excused of their sentence to serve in the military at a time of war or to complete military service in exchange for a reduced sentence dependent on the nature of the crime committed.[58]
Men reaching 19 years old who are not granted exemption from the military service are not able to apply for a driving license, passport, or leave the country without special permission.
Israel[edit]
Israel draft both men and women. All Israeli citizens are conscripted at age 18, with the following exceptions:
Haredim are eligible for a deferral during their religious studies, which essentially becomes an exemption.
Israeli Arabs are exempt from conscription, although they may volunteer. The men of other non-Jewish communities in Israel, notably the Druze and Circassians, are conscripted; women are not though may volunteer.
Women are not inducted if they are married or pregnant.
Candidates who do not qualify on grounds of mental or physical health.
Typically, men are required to serve for 3 years and women for 2 years.[5] Officers and other soldiers in certain voluntary units such as Nahal and Hesder are required to sign on for additional service. Those studying in a "Mechina" (pre-induction preparatory course) defer service until the conclusion of the program, typically one academic year. An additional program (called "Atuda'i") for qualified applicants allows post-secondary academic studies prior to induction. See also: Israel Defense Forces.
There is a very limited amount of conscientious objection to conscription into the IDF. More common is refusal by reserve soldiers to serve in the West Bank and Gaza. Some of these conscientious objectors may be assigned to serve elsewhere, or are sentenced to brief prison terms lasting a few months to a year and may subsequently receive dishonourable discharges. See also: Refusal to serve in the Israeli military.
After a year their period of regular army service, men are liable for up to 30 days (much less on average) per year of reserve duty ("miluim") until they are in their early forties. Women in certain positions of responsibility are liable for reserve duty to a limited extent, until they are twenty-four years old, married, or pregnant. Women can also choose to do 2-3 years of service and volunteer work instead of being soldiers.
North Korea[edit]
North Korea in 1993 had a mandatory military service, for all men, of 120 months as normal troops and 156 months as special forces.
South Korea[edit]
Main article: Conscription in South Korea
South Korea has mandatory military service of 21 (army), 23 (navy), 24 (air force and civil service), 30, 34, and 36 (special civil service) months. There are no alternatives for conscientious objectors[59] except imprisonment. In general, with very few exceptions, most South Korean males serve in the military. The duration of service varies from branch to branch of the military.
Exemptions are granted to Korean male citizens with physical disabilities or whose mental status is unstable or questionable. When a Korean man becomes of legal age, he is required to take a physical check-up to determine whether he is suitable for military service. Every male is labeled into one of four different grades. Grades 1-3: normal. Grade 4: special service; which is given to individuals that fulfill their military duties as a civil worker amongst civilians. Grade 5: civil defense in peace. Grade 6: exemption from military service in both situation. Grade 7: re-check-up within two years.
There are some controversies portrayed in Korean media concerning special treatment given to celebrities. Some celebrities are given exemptions to their mandatory military service, even though they clearly have no physical disabilities. The government has begun implementing tougher sanctions to those who attempt to avoid their military duty. It is considered shameful, undutiful, and treasonous for a man to take measures to avoid his military service when he is healthy and capable of fulfilling his 21-month requirement.[citation needed] In 2002 Yoo Seung Jun, a Korean pop singer, became a naturalized American citizen to avoid his military duty in Korea. For this reason, Korea has banned Yoo from the country and actually deported him.[60][61] Another recent example is MC Mong, a popular singer/rapper accused of avoiding his military service by having his molar teeth removed. On 11 April 2011, MC Mong was sentenced to a suspended jail term of 6 months, probation for one year, and 120 hours of community service.[62]
Compensation[edit]
The following data is from 'Regulation on Public Servant Compensation', implemented on 6 January 2012.[63] Exchange rate as of 8 June 2012 (₩1173.84 to $1.00)
이등병 (Private) 일등병 (Private first class) 상등병 (Corporal) 병장 (Sergeant)
₩81,500
$69.43 (approximate)
per month ₩88,200
$75.14 (approximate)
per month ₩97,500
$83.07 (approximate)
per month ₩108,000
$92.01 (approximate)
per month
Mexico[edit]
As of 2011, all males reaching eighteen years of age must register for military service (Servicio Militar Nacional, or SMN) for one year, though selection is made by a lottery system using the following color scheme: whoever draws a black ball must serve as a "disponibility reservist", that is, he must not follow any activities whatsoever and get his discharge card at the end of the year. The ones who get a white ball serve Saturdays in a Batallón del Servicio Militar Nacional (National Military Service Battalion) composed entirely of one-year SMN conscripts. Those with a community service interest may participate in Literacy Campaigns as teachers or as physical education instructors. Military service is also (voluntarily) open to women. In certain cities, such as Mexico City and Veracruz, there is a third option: a red ball (Mexico City) and a Blue ball (Veracruz), which entails serving a full year as a recruit in a Paratrooper Battalion in the case of Mexico City residents, or an Infantería de Marina unit (Navy Marines) in Veracruz. In other cities which have a Navy HQ (such as Ciudad Madero), it is the Navy which takes charge of the conscripts, instead of the Army.
Draft dodging was an uncommon occurrence in Mexico until 2002, since a "liberated" military ID card was needed for a Mexican male to obtain a passport, but since this requirement was dropped, absenteeism from military service has become much more common.
Norway[edit]
Norway has mandatory military service of nineteen months for men between the ages of 18.5 (17 with parental consent) and 44 (55 in case of war). Beginning in 2006, the armed forces will also invite females to take a pre-service medical examination, but they will not be drafted unless they sign a declaration of willingness. The klix draft time is six months for the home guard, and twelve months for the regular army, air force and navy.
The remaining months are supposed to be served in annual exercises, but very few conscripts do this because of lack of funding for the Norwegian armed forces. As a result of this decreased funding and greater reliance on high technology, the armed forces are aiming towards drafting only 10,000 conscripts a year. As of 2011, an average of 27% of young men actually complete military service each year.[64] The remainder, for the most part, either are formally dismissed after medical tests or obtain deferral from the service because of studies or stays abroad.
Some, such as those who choose vocational course paths during high school (for example, carpenters and electricians) opt to complete their required apprenticeships within the military. While some Norwegians consider it unfair that they have to complete the compulsory military duty when so many others are dismissed, others see it as a privilege and there is normally high competition to be allowed to join some branches of the service.[citation needed]
The Norwegian armed forces will normally not draft a person who has reached the age of 28. In Norway, certain voluntary specialist training programs and courses entail extended conscription of one to eight years. Pacifists can apply for non-military service, which lasts 12 months.
Russia[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Russia
The conscription system was introduced into Imperial Russia by Dmitry Milyutin on 1 January 1874. As of 2008, the Russian Federation has a mandatory 12 months draft. Some examples of how people avoid being drafted are:
Studying in a university or similar place. All full-time students are free from conscription, but they can be drafted after they graduate (or if they drop out). Graduated students serve one year as privates, but if they have a military education, they have the option to serve two years as officers. Persons who continue full-time postgraduate education, or have an academic degree (Candidate of Science, PhD, Doctor of Science) are not drafted.
Getting a medical certificate that shows that a person is unfit for service.
Having more than two children.
In Russia, all males are liable for one year of compulsory military service up to the age of 27. In 2006, the Russian government and State Duma gradually reduced the term of service to 18 months from 24 for those who will be conscripted in 2007 and to 12 months from 2008 and dropped some legal excuses for non-conscription from the law (such as non-conscription of rural doctors and teachers, of men who have a child younger than 3 years, etc.) from 1 January 2008. Also full-time students graduated from civil university with military education will be free from conscription from 1 January 2008.
As a result of draft evasion, Russian generals have repeatedly complained that the bulk of the army is made up of drug addicts, imbeciles, and ex-convicts, which in turn has led to an overall decline of the morale and function of the Russian armed services. Conscripts often face brutal hazing, bullying, and being forced into male prostitution upon their entrance into the military, known as dedovshchina, some dying as a result. Much of the hazing has begun to stop after major reforms in late 2009-2010. Declining birthrates since the fall of the Soviet Union have also led to concerns over the country's ability to meet manpower quotas.
According to the Russian federal law, the Armed Forces, the MVD Internal Troops, the Federal Protective Service (FSO), the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), Federal Drug Control Service (FSKN) and civil defence of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) are considered as military service.
See also
Conscription through detention in Russia's armed forces
Only eleven percent of Russian men enter mandatory military service.
Singapore[edit]
Main article: National Service in Singapore
In Singapore, the NS (Amendment) Act was passed on 14 March 1967, under which all able-bodied male citizens of 18 – 21 years of age were required to serve 24 months of compulsory national service in the Singapore Armed Forces, the Singapore Police Force, or the Singapore Civil Defence Force. Upon completion of full-time NS, they undergo reservist training cycles of up to forty days to a year for the next ten years.
The majority of conscripts serve in the Singapore Armed Forces due to its larger manpower requirements. Almost all conscripts undergo basic military training before being deployed to the various services, the police, or Civil Defence; conscripts do not have the opportunity to choose their assignment. Conscripts, known as National Servicemen, hold leadership positions as Specialists or commissioned officers.
Singapore used to have one of the longest mandatory military service periods for males, at thirty months prior to 2005.
Switzerland[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Switzerland
Military service for Swiss men is obligatory according to the Federal Constitution, and includes 18 or 21 weeks of basic training (depending on troop category) as well as annual 3-week-refresher courses until a number of service days which increases with rank (260 days for privates) is reached. (It is also possible to serve the whole requirement at one piece, meaning no refresher courses are required.) Service for women is voluntary, but identical in all respects. Conscientious objectors can choose 390 days of community service instead of military service. Medical deferments and dismissals from basic training (often on somewhat dubious grounds) have increased significantly in the last years. Therefore, only about 55% to 60% of Swiss men actually complete basic training.
Taiwan (ROC)[edit]
Main article: Conscription in the Republic of China
The Republic of China has had mandatory military service for all males since 1949. Females from the outlying islands of Fuchien were also required to serve in a civil defense role, although this requirement has been dropped since the lifting of martial law. In October 1999, the mandatory service was shortened from twenty-four months to twenty-two months; from January 2004 it was shortened further to eighteen months, and from 1 January 2006 the duration has decreased to sixteen months. The ROC Defense Ministry had announced that should voluntary enlistment reach sufficient numbers, the compulsory service period for draftees will be shortened to fourteen months in 2007, and further to twelve months in 2009.[65][66]
ROC nationals with Overseas Chinese status are exempt from service. Draftees may also request alternative service, usually in community service areas, although the required service period would be longer than military service. Qualified draftees with graduate degrees in the sciences or engineering who pass officer candidate exams may also apply to fulfil their obligations in a national defense service option which involves three months of military training, followed by an officer commission in the reserves and four years working in technical jobs in the defense industry or government research institutions.
The Ministry of Interior is responsible for administering the National Conscription Agency.[67]
On 1 August 2008, the Defence Minister announced that from 2014 on, Taiwan would have a purely volunteer professional force. However, males who opt not to volunteer will be subjected to three to four-month military training. Those who do not have a tertiary education will have a three-month training when reaching military age, whereas those who are receiving tertiary education will have to complete the training in summer vacations.[68]
Should this policy remain unchanged, although Taiwan will have a purely volunteer professional force, every male will still be conscripted to receive a three- to four-month military training. Thus, after 2014, compulsory military service will still remain in practice in Taiwan.
Thailand[edit]
Thailand has a mandatory military service which applies to all male citizens who have turned 21 years old. Some volunteer to serve in their country’s armed forces and some are subjected to a random draft lottery for a Red or Black card. When not enough men have volunteered to fill the amphoe’s quota, the draft lottery will decide the fate of the remaining male citizens. A black ticket means you do not have to serve in the military and you can continue on with your life and your career. A red ticket means you belong to the Thai government for the next two years.
The only way to avoid Thailand's 2 years mandatory military recruitment is to graduate a Three Years: Military Service Students Program. Students must be between the ages of 18 and 22 and they have to attend this course once per week. Have a grade point average of 2.50 or above, be physically fit, and pass a series of fitness tests will allow them to be accepted into the reserves.
However, there are some privileges when you're volunteered. First, you can choose one of three forces to join (Royal Thai Army, Royal Thai Navy and Royal Thai Air Force) according to the military quota in your area. Second, if you graduated from high school. Your military service duration will be reduced by half (1 year). Plus, if you graduated from university (bachelor's degree or higher). The duration will be reduced to 1/4 (6 months). Note : you must graduated before the draft date.
Turkey[edit]
Main article: Conscription in Turkey
In Turkey, compulsory military service applies to all male citizens from twenty to forty-one years of age (with some exceptions). Those who are engaged in higher education or vocational training programs prior to their military drafting are allowed to delay service until they have completed the programs, or reach a certain age, depending on the program (e.g. 29 years of age for undergraduate degrees). The duration of the basic military service varies. As of July 2003, the reduced durations are as follows: fifteen months for privates (previously eighteen months), twelve months for reserve officers (previously sixteen months) and six months for short-term privates, which denotes those who have earned a university degree and have not been enlisted as reserve officers (previously eight months).
Turkish citizens who have lived or worked abroad for at least three years can be exempt from military service in exchange for a certain fee in foreign currencies. Also, when the General Staff assesses that the military reserve exceeds the required amount, paid military service of one-month's basic training is established by law as a stopgap measure, but has only been practiced in reality once so far, and only applied to men of a certain age (born in or prior to 1973). This was done in order to generate funds to recover from the aftermath of the 1999 İzmit earthquake, which took place in the highly industrialized Marmara region of the country, and had a considerable negative impact on the Turkish economy due to the severe damage it caused to a significant number of residential and industrial structures.
Although women in principle are not obliged to serve in the military, they are allowed to become military officers.
Conscientious objection of military service is illegal in Turkey and punishable with imprisonment by law. Many conscientious objectors flee abroad mainly to neighbouring countries or the European Union (as asylum seekers or guest workers).
Ukraine[edit]
The options are either reserve officer training for two years (offered in universities as a part of a program which means not having to join the army), or one year regular service. In Ukraine, a person could not be conscripted after he turned twenty-five. The Ukrainian army had similar problems with dedovshchina as the Russian army did until very recently, but in Ukraine the problem is getting less severe compared to Russia, due to cuts in the conscript terms (from 24 months to 18 months in the early 2000s and then to 12 months in 2004) and cuts in total conscription numbers (due to the switching of the army into a full-time professional army) since the last conscripts are being drafted at the end of 2013.[69]
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North Korea[edit]
North Korea in 1993 had a mandatory military service, for all men, of 120 months as normal troops and 156 months as special forces.
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HM 2011
- Posts: 4736
- Joined: 26/06/2011 22:58
#54 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Važi....akcid wrote:Važi li ovaj član krivičnog zakona i za web portale, npr. "Put vjernika" i slične?piplica666 wrote:...Zakon o dopuni krivičnog zakona Bosne i Hercegovine
"Član 162b.
(4) Ko javno, putem sredstava informiranja, distribuira ili na bilo koji drugi način uputi poruku javnosti, koja za cilj ima podsticanje drugog na izvršenje ovog krivičnog djela, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora u trajanju od tri mjeseca do tri godine..
Sredstvo javnog informisanja - oglašavanja.
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jahh
- Posts: 1506
- Joined: 20/08/2010 12:41
#55 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Da ali isti portal je na .com domeni i ne podlijeze nasim zakonima. Mora dokazati da isti uređuju x i y osobe da bi ih mogao teretiti, valjda? Na .ba domeni je drugacije, ali takvih portala nema na .ba domeni iz takvih i sličnih razloga.
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HM 2011
- Posts: 4736
- Joined: 26/06/2011 22:58
#56 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Ovaj haos nije kreativan....
ovo je čisti haos sa jednim članom zakona.
ovo je čisti haos sa jednim članom zakona.
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muzicar_iz_parka
- Posts: 3949
- Joined: 02/06/2012 18:59
#57 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Kakve to veze ima?jahh wrote:Da ali isti portal je na .com domeni i ne podlijeze nasim zakonima. Mora dokazati da isti uređuju x i y osobe da bi ih mogao teretiti, valjda? Na .ba domeni je drugacije, ali takvih portala nema na .ba domeni iz takvih i sličnih razloga.
Preko "domain lookup" se može vidjeti na koga je regristrovana ta domena, predpostavljam na nekoga bh državljana i tu se priča završava.
Kako može policija privoditi zbog prekršaja/krivičnih djela na facebook-u, nije ni to naša domena.
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jahh
- Posts: 1506
- Joined: 20/08/2010 12:41
#58 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Pa ne tuzi Facebook, vec osobu koja koristi Facebook. Isto sam i ja rekao, ne moze tužiti Put Vjernika kao sajt, već osobe koje vode. Da je isti sajt na .ba domeni mogli bi ga kao takvog tužiti, ovako može biti neko iz Austrije ili već odakle i da mu zakonski ništa ne mogu.muzicar_iz_parka wrote:Kakve to veze ima?jahh wrote:Da ali isti portal je na .com domeni i ne podlijeze nasim zakonima. Mora dokazati da isti uređuju x i y osobe da bi ih mogao teretiti, valjda? Na .ba domeni je drugacije, ali takvih portala nema na .ba domeni iz takvih i sličnih razloga.
Preko "domain lookup" se može vidjeti na koga je regristrovana ta domena, predpostavljam na nekoga bh državljana i tu se priča završava.
Kako može policija privoditi zbog prekršaja/krivičnih djela na facebook-u, nije ni to naša domena.
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uglavnomja
- Posts: 19943
- Joined: 28/07/2012 15:59
#59 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
oi
a interpol?
a interpol?
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muzicar_iz_parka
- Posts: 3949
- Joined: 02/06/2012 18:59
#60 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Pa ne tuzi Facebook, vec osobu koja koristi Facebook. Isto sam i ja rekao, ne moze tužiti Put Vjernika kao sajt, već osobe koje vode. Da je isti sajt na .ba domeni mogli bi ga kao takvog tužiti, ovako može biti neko iz Austrije ili već odakle i da mu zakonski ništa ne mogu.[/quote]jahh wrote: Kakve to veze ima?
Preko "domain lookup" se može vidjeti na koga je regristrovana ta domena, predpostavljam na nekoga bh državljana i tu se priča završava.
Kako može policija privoditi zbog prekršaja/krivičnih djela na facebook-u, nije ni to naša domena.
Ako je dotični BH državljanin zašto ga nebi mogli tužiti kada bi postojao zakon? Jednostavno se izda nalog za hapšenje na osnovu sumnje i čim kroči u BiH bude uhapšen i procesuiran. Onako teoretski.
Što se tiče Facebook-a, oni sami sarađuju sa policijom u skoro svakoj državi i daju podatke o korisniku, i kad ne koristiš pravo ime ostane IP adresa preko koje se lako može saznati ko stoji iz nekoga profila ili stranice.
Primjer saradnje facebook-a i policije iz komšiluka:
http://www.opera-17.com/vest/uhap-en-ub ... facebook-1Policija ga je locirala kada se ulogovao na "Facebook" da bi na svom nalogu ostavio čudovišnu poruku u kojoj, u monstruoznom tonu, tvrdi da mu nije bio cilj da Vladislava Čerevenko umre ("saučešće porodici, nisam hteo, jbg").
Ako može kod njih zašto nebi to mogla i naša policija.
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uglavnomja
- Posts: 19943
- Joined: 28/07/2012 15:59
#61 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
ama moze, sve moze, da je u timbuktuu sa pasosem djevicanskih otoka - moze!
samo treba htjeti, nije problem saznati kako. dovoljno reci protiv islamskih fanatika - eto pomoci sa svih strana.
samo treba htjeti, nije problem saznati kako. dovoljno reci protiv islamskih fanatika - eto pomoci sa svih strana.
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jahh
- Posts: 1506
- Joined: 20/08/2010 12:41
#62 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Pa moze ako je BH drzavljanin i ako se sazna ko obljavjuje vijesti. Ali ako je strani drzavljanin - ne mozes. I treba saznat ko objavljuje, nije to Facebook pa da ima sve podatke, sa interneta se moze dobro sakriti ko zna, doduse policija ima pristup ISP-u i tu u vecini slucajeva buda kraj (osim ako je neki Šve'Cki ISPmuzicar_iz_parka wrote:Ako je dotični BH državljanin zašto ga nebi mogli tužiti kada bi postojao zakon? Jednostavno se izda nalog za hapšenje na osnovu sumnje i čim kroči u BiH bude uhapšen i procesuiran. Onako teoretski.
Što se tiče Facebook-a, oni sami sarađuju sa policijom u skoro svakoj državi i daju podatke o korisniku, i kad ne koristiš pravo ime ostane IP adresa preko koje se lako može saznati ko stoji iz nekoga profila ili stranice.
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semirizsvemira
- Posts: 1094
- Joined: 24/05/2012 00:42
#63 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Vazi li ovaj zakon i za ove sto idu ubijat muslimane u Afganistanu i Iraku . Ti su dobro dosli i pozeljno je da ih se sto vise javi 
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semirizsvemira
- Posts: 1094
- Joined: 24/05/2012 00:42
#64 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Nidje ti veze poredjenje . Gradjanski rat u Spaniji je bio 1936 . Dakle pitanje je bilo: Ne sjecam se da je Kraljevina Jugoslavije kaznjavala komunjare koji su isli u Spaniju i da su bravar Joza i ostali crvendaci kaznjavani zbog vrbovanja naivnih i mladih komunista da ginu tamo za neku Spaniju dok su se kolovodje sepiurili po svjetskim metropolama . Dakle da li je po zakonu mogao otici bilo ko u Spaniju i boriti se bez ikakvih posljedica, a sve su prilike da je moglo, jer su se mnogi komunjosi vratili i podigli narod na ustanak a da nisu vidjeli zatvora .It_is_a_Leclerc wrote:Komunistička partija je bila zabranjena 1921. Zakonom o zaštiti države koji je za svakog za koga se utvrdi da je bio pripadnik komunističke partije predlagao streljanje.semirizsvemira wrote:Ne sjecam se da je Kraljevina Jugoslavije kaznjavala komunjare koji su isli u Spaniju i da su bravar Joza i ostali crvendaci kaznjavani zbog vrbovanja naivnih i mladih komunista da ginu tamo za neku Spaniju dok su se kolovodje sepiurili po svjetskim metropolama
Tako da nije tačna nijedna jedina riječ koju si napisao. Ali baš nijedna.
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uglavnomja
- Posts: 19943
- Joined: 28/07/2012 15:59
#65 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
svemirac, tito je citav period spanskog rata proveo po zatvorima, ruskim i jugoslvenskim ... ali ti to ne citas, naravno , imas i link iz vikipedije.
, imas i link iz vikipedije.-
uglavnomja
- Posts: 19943
- Joined: 28/07/2012 15:59
#66 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
semirizsvemira wrote:Nidje ti veze poredjenje . Gradjanski rat u Spaniji je bio 1936 . Dakle pitanje je bilo: Ne sjecam se da je Kraljevina Jugoslavije kaznjavala komunjare koji su isli u Spaniju i da su bravar Joza i ostali crvendaci kaznjavani zbog vrbovanja naivnih i mladih komunista da ginu tamo za neku Spaniju dok su se kolovodje sepiurili po svjetskim metropolama . Dakle da li je po zakonu mogao otici bilo ko u Spaniju i boriti se bez ikakvih posljedica, a sve su prilike da je moglo, jer su se mnogi komunjosi vratili i podigli narod na ustanak a da nisu vidjeli zatvora .It_is_a_Leclerc wrote:Komunistička partija je bila zabranjena 1921. Zakonom o zaštiti države koji je za svakog za koga se utvrdi da je bio pripadnik komunističke partije predlagao streljanje.semirizsvemira wrote:Ne sjecam se da je Kraljevina Jugoslavije kaznjavala komunjare koji su isli u Spaniju i da su bravar Joza i ostali crvendaci kaznjavani zbog vrbovanja naivnih i mladih komunista da ginu tamo za neku Spaniju dok su se kolovodje sepiurili po svjetskim metropolama
Tako da nije tačna nijedna jedina riječ koju si napisao. Ali baš nijedna.
aaaa ovdje lezi zec ...
mislis kad se vrate ti iz sirije da ce ovdje dici revoluciju, zna se kakvu, i da ce zavladati ... to hoces
e, pa neces
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semirizsvemira
- Posts: 1094
- Joined: 24/05/2012 00:42
#67 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Jasta jeuglavnomja wrote:svemirac, tito je citav period spanskog rata proveo po zatvorima, ruskim i jugoslvenskim ... ali ti to ne citas, naravno
Ti ces meni povijesti poducavati Vikipedija mu izvor informacija . Bjeeeerrriiiiiiiiii taaaaaammmmoooo-
uglavnomja
- Posts: 19943
- Joined: 28/07/2012 15:59
#68 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
semirizsvemira wrote:Jasta jeuglavnomja wrote:svemirac, tito je citav period spanskog rata proveo po zatvorima, ruskim i jugoslvenskim ... ali ti to ne citas, naravno
eto te k'o havatar, s'a ce ba wikipedija ... vazno je sta voditelj kruzoka kaze
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JThomas
- Posts: 69047
- Joined: 24/05/2008 15:01
- Location: Sic semper tyrannis
#69 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
frajeru, u prvoj jugoslaviji komunistička partija i sve komunističke aktivnosti su bile zabranjene obznanom iz 1920. tako da nisi morao ni vrbovati ljude za španiju, dovoljno je bilo da si komunista.
doduše ovo se uči tek u osmom osnovne, možda još nisi dotle dobacio...
doduše ovo se uči tek u osmom osnovne, možda još nisi dotle dobacio...
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uglavnomja
- Posts: 19943
- Joined: 28/07/2012 15:59
#70 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
mozda ide po jordanskom planu i programuJThomas wrote:frajeru, u prvoj jugoslaviji komunistička partija i sve komunističke aktivnosti su bile zabranjene obznanom iz 1920. tako da nisi morao ni vrbovati ljude za španiju, dovoljno je bilo da si komunista.
doduše ovo se uči tek u osmom osnovne, možda još nisi dotle dobacio...
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Chisum
- Posts: 4694
- Joined: 12/02/2009 13:25
- Location: SARAJEVO
#71 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
semirizsvemira wrote:Jasta jeuglavnomja wrote:svemirac, tito je citav period spanskog rata proveo po zatvorima, ruskim i jugoslvenskim ... ali ti to ne citas, naravno
Maskota foruma se vratila
Zar ti nisi u Siriji?
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Chisum
- Posts: 4694
- Joined: 12/02/2009 13:25
- Location: SARAJEVO
#72 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
JThomas, nemoj me jebat da mu ozbiljno odgovaras?JThomas wrote:frajeru, u prvoj jugoslaviji komunistička partija i sve komunističke aktivnosti su bile zabranjene obznanom iz 1920. tako da nisi morao ni vrbovati ljude za španiju, dovoljno je bilo da si komunista.
doduše ovo se uči tek u osmom osnovne, možda još nisi dotle dobacio...
Ovo je onaj sto je prije godinu-dvije proglasio skori, totalni raspad Evrope i zapadnog svijeta pod naletom kalifata, koji samo sto se nije formirao.
Last edited by Chisum on 08/12/2013 21:53, edited 1 time in total.
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insomnia78
- Posts: 61961
- Joined: 03/04/2011 14:43
#73 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
Podrzavam zakon 100%
Kme, kme il est vraiment méchant
Kme, kme il est vraiment méchant
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akcid
- Posts: 1904
- Joined: 09/04/2013 13:49
- Location: Sarajevo
#74 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
insomnia78 wrote:Podrzavam zakon 100%
Ne podržavam ovu izmjenu zakona, neka ih nek' idu, nek' idu u što većem broju...
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stakasa
- Posts: 8959
- Joined: 14/11/2013 11:23
#75 Re: Od sad zatvorske kazne za odlazak na strana ratišta
I ti to sve stigo naucit pripijajuci pivu u centru dva i smijuci se Encijevim poluforama? De bola vise, provaljen si davnih danasemirizsvemira wrote:Jasta jeuglavnomja wrote:svemirac, tito je citav period spanskog rata proveo po zatvorima, ruskim i jugoslvenskim ... ali ti to ne citas, naravno