https://www.cfr.org/article/what-intern ... -hamas-war
Israel and the “state of Palestine,” which is recognized by most countries as comprising the West Bank, Gaza, and East Jerusalem, are ratified parties of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949. Israel has not ratified the first and second protocols of the conventions, which in 1977 further regulated protection of civilians, property, and the environment during war. One of the prominent provisions is Article 75 of Protocol I, which Washington has long viewed as part of customary international law and thus the provision would bind not only the United States but also Israel. It requires that persons held by a combatant power shall be treated humanely in all circumstances and provides a detailed list of prohibited conduct.

