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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maternal_death
https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/ ... tality.htm
There are two main measures used when talking about the rates of maternal mortality in a community or country. These are the maternal mortality ratio and maternal mortality rate, both abbreviated as "MMR".[5] By 2017, the world maternal mortality rate had declined 44% since 1990; however, everyday 808 women die from pregnancy or childbirth related causes.[6] According to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) 2017 report, about every 2 minutes a woman dies because of complications due to child birth or pregnancy. For every woman who dies, there are about 20 to 30 women who experience injury, infection, or other birth or pregnancy related complication.[6]
UNFPA estimated that 303,000 women died of pregnancy or childbirth related causes in 2015.[6][7] The WHO divides causes of maternal deaths into two categories: direct obstetric deaths and indirect obstetric deaths. Direct obstetric deaths are causes of death due to complications of pregnancy, birth or termination. For example, these could range from severe bleeding to obstructed labor, for which there are highly effective interventions.[8][1] Indirect obstetric deaths are caused by pregnancy interfering or worsening an existing condition, like a heart problem.[1]
As women have gained access to family planning and skilled birth attendant with backup emergency obstetric care, the global maternal mortality ratio has fallen from 385 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 216 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2015.[6][7] Many countries halved their maternal death rates in the last 10 years.[6] Although attempts have been made to reduce maternal mortality, there is much room for improvement, particularly in low-resource regions. Over 85% of maternal deaths are in low-resource communities in Africa and Asia.[6] In higher resource regions, there are still significant areas with room for growth, particularly as they relate to racial and ethnic disparities and inequities in maternal mortality and morbidity rates.[4][7]
Sadly, about 700 women die each year in the United States as a result of pregnancy or delivery complications.
The three delays model addresses three critical factors that inhibit women from receiving appropriate maternal health care.[36] These factors include:
Delay in seeking care
Delay in reaching care
Delay in receiving adequate and appropriate care[37]
Delays in seeking care are due to the decisions made by the women who are pregnant and/or other decision-making individuals. Decision-making individuals can include a spouse and family members.[37] Examples of reasons for delays in seeking care include lack of knowledge about when to seek care, inability to afford health care, and women needing permission from family members.[36][37]
Delays in reaching care include factors such as limitations in transportation to a medical facility, lack of adequate medical facilities in the area, and lack in confidence in medicine.[38]
Delays in receiving adequate and appropriate care may result from an inadequate number of trained providers, lack of appropriate supplies, and the lack of urgency or understanding of an emergency.[36][37]
The three delays model illustrates that there are a multitude of complex factors, both socioeconomic and cultural, that can result in maternal death.
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