Šta znači demokratski odgovor?
Ako to znači odgovor kako narod hoće (većina) u skladu sa ljudskim pravima i vladavinom zakona, ne treba teoretisati. Već pogledati kako je to riješeno u demokratskim zemljama.
Evo kako je u Čemerici
Currently, under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, 14 offenses are punishable by death. Under the following sections of the UCMJ, the death penalty can be imposed at any time:
94 - klix or sedition
99 - Misbehavior before the enemy
100 - Subordinate compelling surrender
101 - Improper use of countersign
102 - Forcing a safeguard
104 - Aiding the enemy
106a - Espionage
110 - Improper hazarding of vessel
118 - Murder (including both premeditated murder and felony murder)
120 - Rape (including child rape)[7]
Four provisions of the UCMJ carry a death sentence only if the crime is committed during times of war:
85 - Desertion
90 - Assaulting or willfully disobeying a superior commissioned officer
106 - Lurking as a spy or acting as a spy
113 - Misbehavior of a sentinel or lookout
U našem krivičnom zakonu BiH (u Evropi koliko znam sve članice Evropske konvencije o ljudskim pravima nemaju smrtnu kaznu, te je sve to veoma slično):
Napad na ustavni poredak
Član 156.
Ko upotrebom fizičke sile ili prijetnjom upotrebe fizičke sile pokuša da promijeni ustavni poredak Bosne i Hercegovine
ili da svrgne njene najviše institucije,
kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje pet godina.
Oružana pobuna
Član 162.
(1) Ko učestvuje u oružanoj pobuni koja je usmjerena protiv ustavnog poretka Bosne i Hercegovine ili protiv njenih
najviših institucija,
kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje tri godine.
(2) Ko organizira ili bilo kako rukovodi učinjenjem krivičnog djela iz stava 1. ovog člana, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje pet godina.
(3) Ko nabavlja sredstva za učinjenje krivičnog djela iz stava 1. ovog člana, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora od jedne do deset godina.
Ubistvo predstavnika najviših institucija Bosne i Hercegovine
Član 167.
Ko u namjeri ugrožavanja ustavnog poretka Bosne i Hercegovine ili sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine liši života službenu
osobu institucija Bosne i Hercegovine pri vršenju njene službe, ili člana Predsjedništva Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjedavajućeg Vijeća ministara Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjednika domova Parlamentarne skupštine Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjednika Ustavnog suda Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjednika Suda Bosne i Hercegovine ili glavnog
tužitelja Bosne i Hercegovine kada nisu na dužnosti,
kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje deset godina ili kaznom dugotrajnog zatvora.
Otmica predstavnika najviših institucija Bosne i Hercegovine
Član 168.
(1) Ko u namjeri ugrožavanja ustavnog poretka Bosne i Hercegovine ili sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine protupravno
zatvori, drži zatvorenu ili na drugi način oduzme ili ograniči slobodu kretanja službenoj osobi institucija Bosne i
Hercegovine pri vršenju njene službe, s ciljem da nju ili nekoga drugoga prisili da što izvrši, ne izvrši ili trpi,
kaznit će kaznom zatvora od najmanje tri godine.
(2) Ko u namjeri ugrožavanja ustavnog poretka Bosne i Hercegovine ili sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine protupravno
zatvori, drži zatvorenog ili na drugi način oduzme ili ograniči slobodu kretanja članu Predsjedništva Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjedavajućem Vijeća ministara Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjedniku domova Parlamentarne skupštine Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjedniku Ustavnog suda Bosne i Hercegovine, predsjedniku Suda Bosne i Hercegovine ili
glavnom tužitelju Bosne i Hercegovine,
kaznit će kaznom zatvora od najmanje pet godina.
Kažnjavanje za najteže oblike krivičnih djela
Član 169.
(1) Za krivično djelo iz člana 156. (Napad na ustavni poredak), 157. (Ugrožavanje teritorijalne cjeline), 161.
(Podrivanje vojne i odbrambene moći), 162. (Oružana pobuna) i 163. (Špijunaža) ovog zakona, koje je imalo za posljedicu smrt jedne ili više osoba, ili je izazvalo opasnost za život ljudi, ili je praćeno teškim nasiljima i velikim
razaranjima,
učinitelj će se kazniti kaznom zatvora najmanje deset godina ili kaznom dugotrajnog zatvora.
(2) Ako je pri učinjenju krivičnog djela iz stava 1. ovog člana učinitelj s umišljajem lišio života jednu ili više osoba, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje deset godina ili kaznom dugotrajnog zatvora.
Osnivanje udruženja ili nabavljanje sredstava za učinjenje krivičnih djela iz ove glave ovog zakona
Član 170.
Ko osnuje udruženje u cilju učinjenja krivičnih djela iz ove glave ovog zakona, ili ko nabavi sredstva za učinjenje
krivičnih djela iz ove glave ovog zakona,
kaznit će se kaznom zatvora od najmanje tri godine.
Evo šta je u BiH vezano za vojna naređenja i vojsku:
XXI A - GLAVA DVADESET I PRVA
KRIVIČNA DJELA PROTIV ORUŽANIH SNAGA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Neizvršenje i odbijanje izvršenja naređenja
Član 246 a.
(1) Vojno lice koje ne izvrši ili odbije izvršiti naređenje nadređenog u vezi sa službom, pa zbog toga nastupi
nemogućnost vršenja ili otežano obavljanje službe ili opasnost po život ljudi ili imovinu velike vrijednosti, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora do pet godina.
(2) Vojno lice koje se protivi stražaru, patroli, službenom ili drugom vojnom licu u sličnoj službi dok obavljaju
svoju dužnost, kao i vojno lice koje ne posluša njihov poziv ili ne izvrši ili odbije izvršiti njihovo naređenje, kaznit će
se novčanom kaznom ili kaznom zatvora do jedne godine.
(3) Ako su krivičnim djelom iz st. (1) i (2) ovog člana prouzrokovane izrazito teške posljedice za vojnu službu,
počinilac će se kazniti kaznom zatvora od dvije do osam godina.
(4) Vojno lice koje počini krivično djelo iz stava (1) ovog člana iz nehata, kaznit će se novčanom kaznom ili
kaznom zatvora do jedne godine.
(5) Počinilac krivičnog djela iz st. (1), (2) i (4) ovog člana koji je bio izazvan protuzakonitim ili nepravilnim
postupanjem nadređenog, stražara, patrole, službenog ili drugog vojnog lica, može se blaže kazniti ili osloboditi kazne.
Napad na vojno lice u obavljanju službe
Član 246 f.
(1) Ko napadne ili ozbiljno prijeti da će napasti vojno lice dok vojno lice obavlja službenu dužnost, kaznit će se
kaznom zatvora do tri godine.
(2) Ako je krivičnim djelom iz stava (1) ovog člana vojno lice lako tjelesno povrijeđeno, ili je krivično djelo iz stava
(1) ovog člana počinjeno upotrebom oružja, počinilac će se kazniti kaznom zatvora od tri mjeseca do tri godine.
(3) Ako je krivičnim djelom iz stava (1) ovog člana vojno lice teško tjelesno povrijeđeno, ili su prouzrokovane teške
posljedice za službu, počinilac će se kazniti kaznom zatvora od jedne do deset godina.
(4) Ako je pri počinjenju krivičnog djela iz stava (1) ovog člana vojno lice s namjerom usmrćeno, počinilac će se
kazniti kaznom zatvora najmanje deset godina ili kaznom dugotrajnog zatvora.
(5) Počinilac krivičnog djela iz st. (1) i (2) ovog člana koji je bio izazvan protuzakonitim ili nepravilnim
postupanjem vojnog lica, može se blaže kazniti ili osloboditi kazne.
Odgovornost za krivično djelo učinjeno po naređenju nadređenog
Član 246 ww.
Nema krivičnog djela ako njegova zakonska obilježja ostvari podređeni po naređenju nadređenog, a to naređenje
dato je u okviru službene dužnosti, osim ako se naređenje odnosi na činjenje genocida, ratnog zločina, zločina protiv čovječnosti ili drugog krivičnog djela za koje se može izreći kazna zatvora deset godina ili teža kazna, ili ako je očigledno da se izvršenjem naređenja čini krivično djelo.
A evo šta kažu u Turskoj u njihovom krivičnom zakonu:
FIFTEENTH SECTION
Offenses against Constitutional Order And Operation of Constitutional Rules
ARTICLE 307-(1) Those who attempt to abandon the rules stipulated by the Constitution of Turkish Republic, or try to bring constitutional order different than the one in force, or avoid implementation of the rules physically by use of force or threat, is punished with heavy life imprisonment.
(2) In case of commission of other offenses along with this offense, the offender is additionally punished according to the provisions relating to these offenses.
(3) Precautions specific to legal entities are imposed in case of commission of the offenses defined in this article by corporation.
Assault or physical attack upon the President
ARTICLE 38-(1) Any person who attempts to assault the President is punished with heavy life imprisonment.
Even the attempt is considered as completion of the offense and the offender is punished accordingly.
(2) The punishment determined for this offense is applied with an increase by one half if a person involves in other physical attacks upon the President.
Offenses against Legislative Organs
ARTICLE 309-(1) Any person who attempts to dissolve Turkish Grand National Assembly, or partially or entirely
avoids performance of the legislative organs by using force or threat, is punished with heavy life imprisonment.
(2) Precautions specific to legal entities are imposed in case of commission of the offenses defined in this article by corporation.
Offenses against Government
ARTICLE 310-(1) Any person who attempts to dissolve Government of Turkish Republic, or partially or entirely
avoids its performance by using force or threat, is punished with heavy life imprisonment.
(2) Precautions specific to legal entities are imposed in case of commission of the offenses defined in this article by corporation.
Armed revolt against the Government of Turkish Republic
ARTICLE 311-(1) Any person who provokes the citizens to rise an armed revolt against Government of Turkish Republic, is punished with imprisonment from fifteen years to twenty years. If succeeded in rising of a revolt, the provoker is punished with imprisonment from twenty years to twenty-five years.
(2) Any person who commands an armed revolt against the Government of Turkish Republic is punished with heavy life imprisonment. Other persons who participate in the revolt are sentenced to imprisonment from six years to ten years.
(3) In case of commission of these offenses mentioned in the first and second subsection at the time of the war by taking advantage of the its negative affects on the State, the offender is punished with heavy life imprisonment.
(4) In case of commission of other offenses along with this offenses mentioned in the first and seconds subsection, the offender is additionally punished according to the provisions relating to these offenses.
Armed organized criminal groups
ARTICLE 312-(1) Any person(s) who forms organized criminal groups to commit the offenses listed in fourth and fifth sections of this chapter, and commands these groups, is punished with imprisonment from ten years to fifteen years.
(2) Those who enlist to the organized criminal group defined in the firs subsection is sentenced to imprisonment from five years to ten years.
(3) Other provisions relating to the offense committed by forming organized criminal groups are applied exactly the same for this offense.
Supply of arms
ARTICLE 313-(1) Any person who knowingly manufactures, purchases, transports, stores, or illegally transfers arms to the country for use in the activities of the organizations defined in the above articles, is punished with imprisonment fro ten years to fifteen-years.
Alliance for offense
ARTICLE 314-(1) If two or more persons make a deal to commit any one of the offenses listed in fourth and fifth sections of this chapter by using suitable means, the offenders are sentenced to imprisonment from three years up to twelve years, depending on the quality of offense.
(2) No punishment is imposed on the persons who break up the alliance b before commission of the offense or commencement of investigation.
Confiscation of Army Commanding Quarters
ARTICLE 315-(1) Any person who undertakes the command of a army quarter or fleet or a war ship, or air fighter-fleet or a fortress, or a fortified zone, or a military base or plant, or a port or city, although he is not legally authorized or assigned to carry out such duty by the State, is sentenced to life imprisonment.
(2) The same punishment is imposed on the officers who are assigned to undertake commanding duty by the State, or legally authorized to hold such office, but do not obey the orders given by the authorized to leave the quarters.
Instigating soldiers to disobey orders
ARTICLE 317-(1) Those who persuade or provoke others serving in the army or undertaking duty for armed forces to act contrary to the laws or to break their oath or breach of military discipline or obligations arising out of this service, or praising or supporting such behavior before the soldiers breaching rules, discipline and breaking oath are punished with imprisonment from one year to three years.
(2) If this offense is committed before the public, the offender is sentenced to imprisonment from two years to five years.
(3) If this offense is committed at the time of the war, the punishment to be imposed is increased by one fold.
Da vidimo šta kažu braća Rusi:
Section X. Crimes Against State Power
Chapter 29. Crimes Against the Fundamentals of the Constitutional System and State Security
Article 275. High Treason
High treason, that is espionage, disclosure of state secrets, or any other assistance rendered to a foreign State, a foreign organisation, or their representatives in hostile activities to the detriment of the external security of the Russian Federation, committed by a citizen of the Russian Federation,
Shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of 12 to 20 years with or without a fine in an amount of up to 500 thousand roubles or in the amount of the wage or salary, or other income of the convicted person for a period of up to three years.
Article 277. Encroachment on the Life of a Statesman or a Public Figure
Encroachment on the life of a statesman or a public figure, committed for the purpose of terminating his government or any other political activity, or out of revenge for such activity,
Shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of 12 to 20 years, or by imprisonment for life, or by capital punishment.
Article 278. Forcible Seizure of Power or Forcible Retention of Power
Actions aimed at the forcible seizure of power or forcible retention of power in contravention of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, or aimed at the forcible change of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation,
Shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of 12 to 20 years.
Article 279. Armed Rebellion
Organisation of an armed rebellion or active participation in it for the purpose of overthrowing or forcibly changing the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, or of breaching the territorial integrity of the Russian Federation,
Shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of 12 to 20 years.
A evo šta Rusi kažu o vojnim naređenjima:
Article 332. Failure to Execute an Order
1. Failure to execute a superior's lawful order by a subordinate, if it has caused substantial harm to the interests of military service,
Shall be punishable by restriction in military service for a term of up to two years or by arrest, for a term of six months, or by custody in a disciplinary military unit for a term of up to two years.
2. The same deed, committed by a group of persons, a group of persons by previous concert, or by an organised group, and also entailing severe consequences,
Shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term of up to five years.
3. Failure to execute an order, due to a careless or dishonest attitude to military service, if it has involved serious consequences,
Shall be punishable by restriction in military service for a term of up to one year, or by arrest for a term of three to six months, or by custody in a disciplinary military unit for a term of up to two years